What is Tesamorelin?
Tesamorelin is a synthetic peptide analog of growth hormone–releasing hormone (GHRH) that functions as a receptor agonist within the growth hormone–releasing hormone receptor (GHRHR) signaling pathway [1]. Structurally derived from the endogenous human GHRH sequence, the peptide is engineered to interact with native receptor systems involved in hypothalamic–pituitary signaling and growth hormone regulation.
Chemically, tesamorelin is the acetate salt of N-[trans-3-hexenoyl]-human GHRH (1–44) amide, consisting of a 44–amino acid peptide sequence that incorporates modifications at the N-terminal region. These structural changes increase resistance to enzymatic degradation, particularly from dipeptidyl aminopeptidase enzymes, allowing the peptide to maintain stability and receptor interaction during experimental studies. Compared with endogenous GHRH, tesamorelin demonstrates improved molecular persistence while preserving high receptor binding affinity and signaling activity in controlled research systems.
Mechanistically, tesamorelin binds to growth hormone–releasing hormone receptors located on somatotroph cells in the anterior pituitary. Activation of these receptors initiates intracellular signaling cascades that regulate growth hormone secretion and downstream endocrine signaling pathways. In biological systems, this process ultimately leads to increased production of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in hepatic and peripheral tissues, a key mediator involved in growth hormone–associated metabolic signaling networks.
Clinical pharmacology research has examined tesamorelin in studies involving endocrine regulation, metabolic signaling, and body composition. Investigations have reported changes in visceral adipose tissue distribution, lipid metabolism, and metabolic markers while maintaining physiological growth hormone pulsatility and feedback regulation through the IGF-1 axis. Additional research has explored tesamorelin within experimental models studying neuroendocrine signaling, metabolic regulation, and endocrine pathway dynamics [1][2][3].
For laboratory research applications, peptide purity and structural integrity are essential for reproducible receptor signaling experiments. Tesamorelin supplied by New England Biologics is produced using controlled solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS), followed by purification through high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to isolate the target peptide sequence and remove synthesis byproducts or truncated fragments. Analytical verification procedures, including chromatographic purity profiling and mass spectrometry identity confirmation, are used to verify peptide identity, purity, and batch consistency.
Each production lot is evaluated to support consistent physicochemical properties such as solubility, structural stability, and reproducibility during laboratory preparation and experimental workflows. Certificates of Analysis describing analytical testing and batch verification are available to support rigorous biochemical and receptor signaling studies.
Tesamorelin supplied by New England Biologics is intended strictly for laboratory research use and is not approved for human or veterinary applications.
Tesamorelin Chemical Identity
Tesamorelin is a synthetic peptide analog of growth hormone–releasing hormone (GHRH) composed of a 44–amino acid sequence derived from the N-terminal region of endogenous human GHRH. The peptide retains the receptor-binding domains necessary for interaction with the growth hormone–releasing hormone receptor (GHRHR) while incorporating sequence modifications that enhance resistance to enzymatic degradation.
These structural adjustments help maintain conformational stability during experimental assays. As a GHRH receptor agonist peptide, Tesamorelin enables controlled investigation of hypothalamic–pituitary signaling mechanisms and peptide–receptor interactions in biochemical and cellular research systems.
Tesamorelin 2D Structure
Tesamorelin 3D Structure
Chemical Properties and Registry Information for Tesamorelin
The following chemical identifiers describe the molecular composition and registry information associated with this compound for laboratory research.
| Property | Information |
| Name & Synonyms | Tesamorelin; Tesamorelin acetate; Growth Hormone–Releasing Hormone Analog |
| PubChem CID | 44147413 |
| CAS Number | 901758-09-6 |
| Molecular Formula | C223H370N72O69S |
| Molecular Weight | 5196 g/mol |
| Peptide Length | 44 amino acids |
| Compound Class | Synthetic peptide; GHRH receptor agonist |
| Primary Targets | Growth hormone–releasing hormone receptor (GHRHR) |
| Sequence | YADAIFTNSYRKVLGQLSARKLLQDIMSRQQGESNQERGARARL |
| InChIKey | LAJZPRPPHHRDIK-BCEXXFMNSA-N |
| IUPAC Name |
acetic acid;(4S)-4-[[2-[[(2S)-5-amino-2-[[(2S)-5-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-5-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-5-amino-2-[[2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-4-amino-2-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-3-carboxy-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(E)-hex-3-enoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]-4-oxobutanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-3-carboxypropanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]amino]-4-methylsulfanylbutanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]-5-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-4-amino-1-[[(2S)-5-amino-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[2-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-amino-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-5-carbamimidamido-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-5-carbamimidamido-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamido-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-4-carboxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1,5-dioxopentan-2-yl]amino]-1,4-dioxobutan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-5-oxopentanoic acid
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Tesamorelin retains the receptor-binding domain of endogenous growth hormone–releasing hormone while incorporating structural modifications that enhance resistance to enzymatic degradation compared with native GHRH. This increased stability allows the peptide to maintain receptor interaction in experimental systems for longer durations, making Tesamorelin useful in laboratory models investigating GHRH receptor signaling, peptide–receptor dynamics, and endocrine regulatory pathways.
Tesamorelin Research Applications
Tesamorelin is used in laboratory and translational research as a peptide tool for studying growth hormone–releasing hormone receptor signaling, endocrine feedback dynamics, and downstream metabolic pathway regulation. Because it is a stabilized GHRH analog with defined receptor activity, Tesamorelin is especially useful in experimental models that examine how peptide-mediated signaling influences growth hormone pulsatility, lipid handling, hepatic metabolism, and cross-tissue endocrine communication.
Visceral Fat Biology and Metabolic Signaling
Tesamorelin is widely studied in metabolic research for its effects on visceral adipose tissue biology and endocrine signaling related to body composition. Because it functions as a growth hormone–releasing hormone (GHRH) receptor agonist, tesamorelin stimulates endogenous growth hormone signaling, which in turn influences lipid metabolism and adipose tissue regulation. Experimental and translational studies have examined how activation of the growth hormone axis alters fat distribution, particularly within visceral adipose depots that are strongly associated with metabolic health markers [4].
Research models have repeatedly demonstrated that tesamorelin exposure is associated with measurable reductions in visceral adipose tissue while largely preserving subcutaneous fat stores. These studies often evaluate parameters such as trunk fat distribution, waist circumference, and metabolic biomarkers to understand how endocrine signaling affects fat metabolism and energy regulation [4].
Additional investigations examining liver fat metabolism reported that changes in visceral adiposity during tesamorelin exposure may correspond with reductions in hepatic lipid accumulation. In randomized clinical research involving individuals with abdominal fat accumulation, tesamorelin was associated with measurable decreases in liver fat content alongside reductions in visceral adipose tissue, supporting the concept that endocrine signaling can influence ectopic fat deposition across organs [5].
Because visceral fat plays a key role in metabolic signaling, inflammatory pathways, and lipid transport through the portal circulation, tesamorelin has become a useful experimental compound for researchers studying how endocrine signaling affects fat metabolism, adipose tissue function, and cross-tissue metabolic communication.
Skeletal Muscle Mass and Body Composition
Beyond adipose biology, tesamorelin has been investigated in research models examining skeletal muscle composition and muscle quality. In clinical imaging studies evaluating trunk musculature, tesamorelin exposure was associated with increases in muscle area and reductions in intramuscular fat infiltration, suggesting changes in muscle composition linked to growth hormone–mediated metabolic signaling [1].
These studies frequently measure skeletal muscle density and cross-sectional muscle area using imaging techniques such as computed tomography. Improvements in muscle density are particularly relevant because lower muscle density is often associated with higher intramuscular fat content and reduced metabolic efficiency. Observations from these studies indicate that modulation of the growth hormone–IGF-1 axis through GHRH receptor stimulation may influence both muscle tissue composition and broader body composition signaling [1].
Research programs examining tesamorelin in this context often explore how endocrine signaling affects lean muscle regulation, protein metabolism, and interactions between muscle tissue and metabolic pathways. As a result, the peptide has been incorporated into experimental models focused on body composition, muscle metabolism, and the relationship between hormone signaling and musculoskeletal physiology.
Cardiovascular and Metabolic Risk Markers
Tesamorelin research has also explored how changes in visceral adiposity influence metabolic and cardiovascular risk markers. Because visceral adipose tissue is closely linked to lipid metabolism and systemic inflammation, studies examining endocrine modulation of this tissue often track related metabolic indicators.
Experimental analyses evaluating growth hormone–releasing hormone signaling have reported associations between reductions in visceral adiposity and improvements in metabolic parameters such as lipid profiles and inflammatory markers. Research reviews examining the broader metabolic effects of GHRH analog signaling highlight its potential influence on triglyceride metabolism, cholesterol balance, and cardiovascular risk indicators through downstream endocrine pathways [4].
In laboratory and translational research settings, tesamorelin is therefore used as a tool for studying the relationship between endocrine signaling, adipose tissue biology, and cardiovascular metabolic markers. These models help investigators explore how hormonal regulation of fat distribution may influence broader metabolic health pathways.
Cognitive Function and Neuroendocrine Signaling
Tesamorelin has also attracted research interest in studies examining neuroendocrine signaling and cognitive biology. Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) pathways are known to play roles in brain metabolism, neuronal signaling, and neuroplasticity, leading researchers to investigate whether modulation of these pathways influences cognitive processes.
Experimental studies evaluating endocrine signaling in aging populations have explored how stimulation of the GHRH pathway affects cognitive performance, memory-related processes, and neurochemical signaling patterns. In these research contexts, investigators often measure cognitive test performance, brain imaging markers, and neurochemical indicators associated with neuronal metabolism and signaling activity.
Because tesamorelin activates upstream components of the growth hormone axis while preserving physiological feedback regulation, it provides a useful experimental model for studying how endocrine signaling interacts with neural systems involved in cognition, energy metabolism, and aging-related biological processes.
Glucose Metabolism and Endocrine Regulation
Another important research area involving tesamorelin focuses on glucose metabolism and insulin signaling. Growth hormone activity is closely connected to carbohydrate metabolism, making it important for researchers to understand how modulation of the growth hormone axis influences glucose regulation.
Controlled clinical studies examining tesamorelin exposure in individuals with metabolic conditions have evaluated markers such as fasting glucose, insulin levels, and hemoglobin A1c to assess the peptide's effects on glucose homeostasis. Findings from these investigations indicate that tesamorelin can increase circulating IGF-1 levels while maintaining stable glucose control parameters in studied populations [3].
These results are particularly relevant for researchers investigating endocrine feedback systems, as the GHRH-growth hormone-IGF-1 axis involves complex regulatory mechanisms that influence both lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Tesamorelin therefore provides a useful model compound for studying how peptide receptor signaling interacts with metabolic pathways governing energy balance and hormone regulation.
How Tesamorelin Works (Mechanism of Action)
Tesamorelin is a synthetic peptide analog of growth hormone–releasing hormone that functions as an agonist of the growth hormone–releasing hormone receptor (GHRHR). In laboratory systems, the peptide is used to investigate receptor-mediated endocrine signaling and the regulatory pathways associated with growth hormone release.
By interacting with the GHRH receptor expressed on pituitary somatotroph cells, Tesamorelin modulates intracellular signaling cascades that influence growth hormone secretion dynamics and downstream metabolic signaling networks in experimental models.
Target Engagement
Tesamorelin engages the growth hormone–releasing hormone receptor, a class B G protein-coupled receptor located primarily on somatotroph cells of the anterior pituitary in vertebrate endocrine systems [1]. The peptide retains the key receptor-binding region of endogenous GHRH, allowing it to interact with the extracellular domain of the receptor with high specificity.
Structural studies indicate that peptide binding stabilizes the receptor in an active conformation, enabling coupling to Gs proteins and initiating downstream signaling processes. Compared with native GHRH, Tesamorelin incorporates sequence modifications that improve resistance to proteolytic degradation, allowing sustained receptor engagement in biochemical assays and experimental models. These properties make Tesamorelin useful for examining ligand–receptor dynamics and the pharmacology of peptide agonists that target the GHRH signaling system.
Downstream Signaling Pathways
Activation of the GHRH receptor by Tesamorelin primarily triggers the cyclic AMP signaling pathway through Gs protein coupling. Following receptor activation, adenylate cyclase activity increases intracellular cyclic AMP concentrations, which in turn activates protein kinase A. Protein kinase A phosphorylation events regulate transcription factors and intracellular proteins involved in hormone secretion and endocrine signaling regulation.
Laboratory investigations also report downstream activation of pathways linked to calcium mobilization and vesicle-mediated hormone release from secretory granules. Through these signaling cascades, Tesamorelin provides a controlled experimental model for studying cyclic AMP–dependent endocrine signaling, kinase activation, and peptide-mediated receptor signaling within hypothalamic–pituitary regulatory networks [7].
Cellular Effects in Experimental Models
In experimental systems, Tesamorelin exposure has been associated with measurable changes in endocrine signaling markers and metabolic pathway indicators. Biochemical assays demonstrate increased cyclic AMP production and enhanced activity of signaling proteins downstream of GHRH receptor activation. In cellular and animal models, investigators often measure changes in growth hormone secretion patterns, insulin-like growth factor signaling markers, and metabolic biomarkers associated with lipid and energy metabolism [3].
Mechanistic investigations also examine gene expression profiles related to hormone signaling, lipid mobilization pathways, and hepatic metabolic processes. Collectively, these experimental observations position Tesamorelin as a useful research peptide for studying receptor-mediated endocrine signaling and the broader metabolic pathways influenced by growth hormone regulatory systems.
Tesamorelin Lab Safety & Handling Guidelines
Tesamorelin should be handled only by qualified researchers following standard chemical and biochemical safety procedures. The compound is typically supplied as a lyophilized peptide to support stability during storage and transport.
For long term preservation of peptide integrity, lyophilized Tesamorelin should be stored at −4 °F (−20 °C) or below in a sealed container protected from moisture, heat, and direct light. Maintaining controlled storage conditions helps preserve peptide structure, reduce degradation risk, and maintain analytical purity for laboratory research applications.
After reconstitution, Tesamorelin peptide solutions are typically stored at 36–46 °F (2–8 °C). Careful handling and temperature control help reduce degradation processes such as hydrolysis, oxidation, and peptide aggregation that may influence experimental reproducibility in biochemical assays or cellular research systems.
Handling Guidelines
Proper storage and handling of lyophilized Tesamorelin helps preserve peptide stability and ensures consistent performance in receptor signaling studies, metabolic pathway assays, and other laboratory investigations. Researchers working with Tesamorelin should follow standard peptide handling practices designed to protect the compound from environmental stress and contamination.
- Store lyophilized Tesamorelin at −4 °F (−20 °C) or below in a dry, sealed environment
- Allow the vial to reach room temperature before opening to prevent moisture condensation
- Protect the peptide from prolonged exposure to light, heat, and humidity
- Use sterile laboratory equipment and preparation techniques when handling the material
- Avoid repeated freeze–thaw cycles that may reduce peptide stability
- Clearly label reconstituted solutions with preparation date and concentration for laboratory reference
Reconstitution Guidelines
Correct peptide reconstitution is important for maintaining Tesamorelin stability and ensuring accurate experimental preparation. Researchers typically dissolve lyophilized peptides under controlled laboratory conditions to support consistent concentration and solubility for biochemical assays and signaling pathway studies.
- Reconstitute Tesamorelin using sterile bacteriostatic water or an appropriate laboratory buffer
- Introduce solvent slowly along the interior wall of the vial to reduce foaming
- Avoid vigorous shaking or vortexing during preparation
- Gently swirl or invert the vial until the peptide is fully dissolved
- Store reconstituted solutions at 36–46 °F (2–8 °C) under controlled laboratory conditions
- Prepare aliquots when appropriate to reduce repeated freeze–thaw exposure
Laboratory Safety Protocols
Standard laboratory safety practices should always be followed when working with research peptides such as Tesamorelin. Appropriate protective equipment and safe laboratory procedures help reduce exposure risk and support responsible handling of biochemical research materials.
- Wear appropriate personal protective equipment including gloves, lab coat, and protective eyewear
- Handle Tesamorelin within approved laboratory workspaces using standard safety practices
- Avoid inhalation, ingestion, or direct contact with the compound
- Dispose of unused material and preparation supplies according to institutional chemical waste procedures
- Maintain proper labeling, storage records, and documentation for all research compounds
Following these Tesamorelin handling and safety guidelines helps preserve peptide integrity while supporting safe laboratory practices and reliable experimental results.
All Tesamorelin products supplied by New England Biologics are intended strictly for laboratory research and development use only and are not approved for human or veterinary use.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is tesamorelin approved for human use?
No. Tesamorelin supplied by New England Biologics is not approved for human or veterinary use and is provided strictly as a laboratory research compound. A pharmaceutical product containing tesamorelin as an active ingredient, marketed under the brand name Egrifta, has received regulatory approval in certain jurisdictions for specific medical indications, but this approval applies only to the regulated drug product and does not apply to tesamorelin peptides.
Where can researchers obtain high purity tesamorelin?
Researchers seeking high purity tesamorelin for laboratory studies may obtain the peptide from specialized research reagent suppliers such as New England Biologics. Tesamorelin produced by CHEAT CODES is synthesized using controlled solid phase peptide synthesis and purified through HPLC methods. Analytical verification and Certificates of Analysis are provided to confirm peptide identity, purity, and batch consistency for laboratory research applications.
What is tesamorelin used for in research?
Tesamorelin is used in laboratory research to study growth hormone releasing hormone receptor signaling and its downstream effects on metabolic and endocrine pathways. In experimental systems such as receptor assays, cell culture models, and metabolic animal studies, researchers investigate how tesamorelin influences cyclic AMP signaling, growth hormone axis regulation, lipid metabolism pathways, and visceral fat biology. These studies help scientists explore mechanisms involved in metabolic signaling, endocrine communication between tissues, and energy regulation in controlled experimental models.
How should tesamorelin be stored in laboratory environments?
For long term stability, lyophilized tesamorelin is typically stored at −4 °F (−20 °C) or below in a sealed container protected from light, heat, and moisture. After reconstitution, peptide solutions are generally stored at 36–46 °F (2–8 °C). Maintaining controlled storage conditions helps preserve peptide structure, reduce degradation processes, and support reproducibility in receptor signaling and biochemical research systems.
How long does it take to ship tesamorelin in the United States?
Orders placed with New England Biologics are generally processed within one to two business days after payment confirmation. Domestic shipments within the United States are typically delivered within several business days depending on carrier service and destination. Shipping timelines may vary based on order volume, logistics conditions, and selected shipping options.
Does New England Biologics ship research peptides internationally?
Yes. New England Biologics ships research compounds to many international destinations. International shipping availability may depend on the destination country and applicable import regulations. Researchers are responsible for ensuring compliance with local import requirements and regulations governing laboratory research materials. Detailed information regarding shipping options and payment methods is available through the New England Biologics shipping and payments policy.
What effects is tesamorelin studied for in research?
In research settings, tesamorelin is often studied for its role in growth hormone signaling and how that signaling may influence body composition. Laboratory and clinical studies have examined how the peptide affects processes related to visceral fat metabolism, lean muscle mass regulation, and metabolic activity. These experimental models help researchers explore how growth hormone–related pathways may influence fat distribution, muscle tissue maintenance, and broader metabolic signaling.
What research applications are commonly associated with tesamorelin?
Tesamorelin is commonly used in studies investigating hormone signaling and metabolic health. Researchers examine how the peptide interacts with growth hormone pathways that are linked to fat metabolism, body composition, and energy regulation. Experimental models may explore topics such as visceral fat reduction mechanisms, lean muscle signaling, and metabolic pathway activity to better understand how peptide-driven hormone signals influence these biological processes.
Regulatory & Legal (U.S.)
All products supplied by New England Biologics are intended strictly for research and development use. These materials are provided for laboratory investigation and scientific experimentation and are not supplied for use in humans or animals.
This product is not a drug, food, dietary supplement, medical device, or cosmetic. It has not been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for medical, diagnostic, or therapeutic use. Any statements regarding the compound are derived from published scientific literature and have not been evaluated by the FDA. These materials are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
Materials supplied by New England Biologics must be handled only by qualified professionals trained in laboratory research procedures. The introduction of this product into humans or animals is strictly prohibited and may violate applicable laws and regulations.
Researchers and institutions are responsible for ensuring that the purchase, handling, storage, use, and disposal of research materials comply with all applicable federal, state, and local regulations, as well as institutional policies governing laboratory research.
Sources & References
1. The Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone Analogue, Tesamorelin, Decreases Muscle Fat and Increases Muscle Area in Adults with HIV, Adrian S, Scherzinger A, Sanyal A, Lake JE, Falutz J, Dubé MP, Stanley T, Grinspoon S, Mamputu JC, Marsolais C, Brown TT, Erlandson KM, Journal of Frailty & Aging (2019, 8(3):154–159). Link: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6766405/
2. Structural basis for activation of the growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor, Zhou F, Zhang H, Cong Z et al., Nature Communications (2020, 11:5205). Link: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18945-0
3. Safety and metabolic effects of tesamorelin, a growth hormone-releasing factor analogue, in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial, Clemmons DR, Miller S, Mamputu JC, PLoS One (2017, 12(6):e0179538). Link: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0179538
4. Effects of growth hormone-releasing hormone on visceral fat, metabolic, and cardiovascular indices in human studies, Stanley TL, Grinspoon SK, Growth Hormone & IGF Research (2015, 25(2):59–65). Link: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ghir.2014.12.005
5. Effect of tesamorelin on visceral fat and liver fat in HIV-infected patients with abdominal fat accumulation: a randomized clinical trial, Stanley TL, Feldpausch MN, Oh J, Branch KL, Lee H, Torriani M, Grinspoon SK, JAMA (2014, 312(4):380–389). Link: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2014.8334
6. Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone Reduces Circulating Markers of Immune Activation in Parallel with Effects on Hepatic Immune Pathways in Individuals with HIV-infection and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Stanley TL, Fourman LT, Wong LP, Sadreyev R, Billingsley JM, Feldpausch MN, Zheng I, Pan CS, Boutin A, Lee H, Corey KE, Torriani M, Kleiner DE, Chung RT, Hadigan CM, Grinspoon SK, Clinical Infectious Diseases (2021, 73(4):621–630). Link: https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab019
7. Growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor (GHRH-R) and its signaling, Halmos G, Szabo Z, Dobos N, Juhasz E, Schally AV, Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (2025, 26(3):343–352). Link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-025-09952-x
